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Cartesian coordinate system

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Cartesian coordinate system

dim 1

the number line

Number line.jpg

point P < - > number x

distance between points x and x' is |x-x'|


dim 2

the plane

point P < - > pair of numbers (x,y)

Geometry vs algebra.jpg

Plotting point P represented by coordinates (x,y):

Plotting.jpg

Distance formula dim2.jpg


dim 3

the space

point P < - > triple of numbers (x,y,z)

Sketch a vector:

Sketch a vector in dim3.jpg

Distance formula:

Distance formula dim3.jpg

Vectors

Points and vectors.jpg

Coordinatewise addition.jpg